神经生长因子对拟AD模型大鼠脑内神经原纤维缠结的影响

目的: 研究神经生长因子对拟阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)模型大鼠海马及皮层中神经原纤维缠结(NFT)的影响.方法: 采用冈田酸(Okadaic Acid,OA)海马CA1区微量多次注射建立拟AD大鼠模型,侧脑室注射神经生长因子(nerve growth factor, NGF)进行预处理,观察大鼠行为学变化,Bielschowsky染色观察海马及皮层神经原纤维缠结(neurobrillary tangles,NFT).结果: OA注射后,大鼠出现认知能力、学习记忆能力减退,海马及皮层出现较多NFT;注射NGF预处理后,上述症状改善,海马及皮层NFT数量减少.结论: NGF可显著改善拟AD大鼠模型学习记忆能力,表明NGF可抑制NFT的形成,改善AD病的症状.     

Effects of kadsurenone on the systemic inflammatory response in rat model of acute pancreatitis

Objective： To study the effects of kadsurenone on inflammatory mediators Platelet-activating factor （PAF）, tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-6（IL-6） in rat model of acute pancreatitis（AP）. Methods： SD male rats （104） were randomly divided into sham group （n = 24）, AP group （n = 40） and kadsurenone group （n = 40）. The rats were killed 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after operation. The serum level of PAF, TNF-α and IL-6 was measured. Results： The serum level of PAF, TNF-α and IL-6 of AP group was significantly increased（P 〈 0.01 ）compared with control group. The serum level of TNF-α got to a peak 6 hours after operation, and the serum IL-6 getting to a peak 12 hours after operation in AP group. After kadsurenone was administered to AP rats, pancreas and lung myeloperoxidase （MPO）, serum amylase activity was reduced. Histology showed a trend toward improvement. The serum level of PAF, TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion. Kadsurenone can reduce the severity of systemic inflammation in rats with AP and relieve the damage of the pancreas and lung in AP rats. These results suggested that kadsurenone may be useful in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.     

血管内皮生长因子在肾病中的意义

血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是内皮细胞的增殖存活因子,能保护内皮组织、刺激血管生成。VEGF能在肾脏中表达,并且在肾脏正常生理功能和病理过程中均起重要作用,适当调节内皮生长因子在肾小球的表达可能是今后治疗肾小球疾病的一种方法。     

血管内皮生长因子与糖尿病视网膜病变

糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病常见且较严重的微血管并发症,可导致不可逆的视功能损害或完全失明,血管内皮生长因子与其发生、发展密切相关,本文就血管内皮生长因子在糖尿病视网膜病变中作用的研究进展作一综述。     

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目的探讨首次丙种球蛋白静脉注射(IVIG)无反应性川崎病(KD)的发生率及危险因素,及其再治疗方法的选择。方法总结2000—2004年北京45家医院KD患儿的临床资料,IVIG无反应性定义为首次IVIG治疗36h后体温仍超过38·5℃。结果1107例患儿纳入研究对象,1092例有急性期治疗资料,1052例(96·3%)接受IVIG治疗,135例对首次IVIG治疗无反应,发生率12·8%(135/1052)。Logistic回归分析发现血沉、GPT、WBC、发病至用IVIG的时间、血浆白蛋白及IVIG治疗剂量,是IVIG无反应性的独立危险因素(P<0·05)。对IVIG无反应者8例给第2剂2g/kg IVIG,5例热退;114例给1g/kg剂量IVIG治疗,35例(30·7%)热退;11例给400~600mg/kg IVIG,1例(9·1%)热退;2例给糖皮质激素,2例均热退。4种再治疗方法间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0·015)。第2剂2g/kg IVIG治疗较其它再治疗所需进一步IVIG或激素治疗次数少,体温恢复快。结论约12·8%KD患儿对初次IVIG治疗无反应。血沉、WBC和GPT、血浆白蛋白、IVIG使用方法及起病至用IVIG的时间,是IVIG无反应的独立危险因素。对初次IVIG无反应患儿推荐使用第2剂2g/kgIVIG,对2次2g/kgIVIG治疗仍无效者可以选用糖皮质激素治疗。     

脑梗死患者血脂水平检测及临床意义

目的探讨血脂水平与脑梗死的关系。方法通过对137例急性脑梗死患者与对照组血脂变化观察,多因素分析用SPSS10.0软件包中的Logistic回归方程,计算相对危险度(RR),RR的95%可信限(CI)。结果脑梗死组TC、TG、LDL-C浓度均明显高于对照组,而HDL-C浓度明显低于对照组。结论血清TC>6.0mmol/L才增加脑梗死的风险,而HDL-C浓度≥0.85mmol/L可降低脑梗死的风险。     

地塞米松对急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿核转录因子-κB表达的影响及意义

目的探讨儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)p65蛋白的表达及意义,观察地塞米松(DEX)对其活性的影响,为临床寻求以NF-κB为靶点的治疗手段的依据。方法1.应用SP免疫组化法,检测20例ALL患儿和20例正常对照儿童NF-κB p65蛋白表达。2.用SP免疫组化法检测DEX对ALL细胞NF-κB p65蛋白活性影响。结果1.ALL患儿20例的NF-κB p65蛋白阳性表达率为85.50%(17/20),表达定位于ALL细胞胞核及胞浆中,明显高于正常对照组10.0%(2/20),两者比较有显著性差异(χ2=22.56 P<0.01)。2.临床治疗剂量的DEX 5.0 mg/L作用于ALL细胞24 h,能显著抑制NF-κB p65蛋白表达,其阳性表达率为(25.0±3.0)%,与未处理的ALL细胞比较,有显著性差异(t=55.00 P<0.01)。结论1.NF-κB p65蛋白表达于儿童ALL细胞中。2.抑制NF-κB的活性可能是DEX作用于儿童ALL细胞的机制之一,抑制NF-κB信号传导途径可能在儿童ALL治疗中有重大价值。     

子癎前期患者血清胎盘生长因子的变化及意义

目的:探讨胎盘生长因子与子癎前期发病的关系。方法:检测40例子癎前期患者及20例正常晚期妊娠血清胎盘生长因子(PlGF)的水平及胎盘CD34表达,计数微血管密度(MVD)。结果:轻度子癎前期组血清PlGF为201.25±52.33pg/ml,胎盘MVD计数为45.6±4.2,重度子癎前期组分别为165.83±37.54pg/ml,40.2±3.9,两组均低于正常晚期妊娠组315.76±76.98pg/ml,58.2±4.8,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:子癎前期患者血清PlGF及胎盘MVD显著降低,可能与子癎前期的发病有一定关系。     

Rapid genotyping of newborn gene mutant mice

One important aspect of utilizing transgenic mice is the need to genotype them in order to distinguish mice that carry a disrupted gene or a transgene from mice that do not. Current methods for genotyping include isolation of genomic DNA from tail biopsies followed by PCR amplification. Particularly, both digestion of tail tissue using proteinase K as well as resuspension of purified DNA are time-consuming and were usually carried out overnight. Here, we describe a rapid and robust method for the genotyping of bdnf targeted mice which allows us to determine the genotype of newborn mice at the day of birth within 6 h. After a freezing–thawing step tail tissue is digested in less than 2 h, and the DNA is precipitated, resuspended and ready for PCR in about 60 min. The method could be easily adapted to a variety of different mutant mice and especially should benefit neuroscientists interested in using animals with known genotype very early in postnatal development.     

婴幼儿哮喘的危险因素

目的寻找婴幼儿喘息、儿童哮喘的危险及保护因素。方法1个月~3岁肺炎患儿82例、毛细支气管炎65例、婴幼儿哮喘76例,107例正常儿童作为对照。采用向家长书面问卷调查方法询问各组婴儿既往病史、家族及个人过敏史、怀孕出生及婴幼儿喂养情况、生活条件等。结果父母任何一方有喘息史、父母任何一方有其他过敏史、父母任何一方吸烟、湿疹等个人过敏史任何一种、父(母)亲有哮喘史及过敏史、兄弟姐妹有哮喘史及过敏史、个人有过敏性鼻炎、个人有药物过敏、母妊娠期间早孕反应重、母亲是素食者、母亲文化程度低是婴幼儿哮喘的危险因素;而自然分娩、婴幼儿期补充VitD和钙剂、生后冬季户外活动时间长、每天平均睡眠时间长、住所有上下水设备是婴幼儿哮喘的保护因素。结论个人过敏史和家族过敏史为婴幼儿哮喘的主要危险因素。